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Called Panjim by the Portuguese, Panaji, which means "the land that does not flood" is the state capital of Goa. Unlike many capital cities, Panaji has a distinct unhurried character. It is situated on the southern banks of the Mandovi River, which makes this town all the more charming. The European Ambience The town has some beautiful Portuguese Baroque style buildings and enchanting old villas. The riverside, speckled with brightly whitewashed houses with wrought iron balconies, offers a fine view. |
There are some fine government buildings along the riverside boulevard, and the Passport Office is especially noteworthy. In the 16th century, the edifice was the palace of Adil Shah (the Sultan of Bijapur). The Portuguese took over the palace and constructed the Viceregal Lodge in 1615. In 1843, the structure became the Secretariat, and today it is the Passport Office.
Trudge around town in the cobbled alleys to see quaint old taverns and cafes with some atmosphere, and practically no tourists. They are a good place to meet the local people.
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The Largo Da Igreja Church Square is a fine illustration of the awesome Portuguese Baroque style. The Church of the Immaculate Conception is easily one of the most elegant and picturesque monuments in Goa. Built in 1541 AD, atop a high, symmetrical, crisscrossing stairway, the church is a white edifice topped with a huge bell that stands in between two delicate Baroque style towers. The Braganza Institute, houses the tiled frieze, which depicts the 'mythical' representation of the colonisation of Goa by the Portuguese. Fountainhas is a lovely old residential area amidst shady cobbled streets connecting red-tile-roofed houses with overhanging balconies, much like a country town in Spain or Portugal. |
Panjim and Central Goa
Take any mid sized Portuguese town add a sprinkling of banana trees and
auto-rickshaws, drench annually with torrential tropical rain, and
leave to simmer in fierce humid sunshine for at least one hundred and
fifty years, and one'll end up with something like Panjim. The Goan
capital has a completely different feel from any other Indian city.
History
For centuries, Panjim was little more than a minor landing stage and
customs house, protected by a hilltop fort, and surrounded by stagnant
swampland. It only became capital in 1843, after the port at Old Goa
had silted up, and its rulers and impoverished inhabitants had fled the
plague.
Although the last Portuguese Viceroy managed to drain many of the nearby marshes, and erect imposing public buildings on the new site, the town never emulated the grandeur of its predecessor upriver --a result, in part, of the Portuguese nobles' predilection for erecting their mansions in the countryside rather than the city.
Panjim expanded rapidly in the 1960s and 1970s, without reaching the unmanageable proportions of other Indian state capitals. After Mumbai or even Bangalore, its uncongested streets seem easygoing and pleasantly parochial. Sights are thin on the ground but the palm-linth squares and atmospheric Latin Quarter with its picturesque neoclassical houses and catholic churches make a pleasant backdrop for aimless wandering.
Worth A Visit
Although one can completely bypass the town when one arrives in Goa,
either by jumping off the train or coach at Margao or Mapusa or by
heading straight off on a local bus, it's definitely worth spending
time here. If only a couple of hours en route to the ruined former
capital at Old Goa.
The area around Panjim attracts far fewer visitors than the coastal resorts, yet its paddy fields and wooded valley harbour several attractions worth a day or two's break from the beach. Old Goa is just a bus ride away, as are the unique temples around Ponda, an hour or so southeast, to where Hindus smuggled their deities during the inquisition.
Condolim Beach
Four or five years ago, Candolim, at the far southern end of Calangute
beach, was a surprisingly sedate resort, appealing to an odd mixture of
middle-class Bombayites, and Burgundy-clad Sannyasins taking a break
from the Rajneesh Ashram at Pune.
Church Square
The leafy rectangular park opposite the Indian Government Tourist
Office, known as Church Square or the municipal garden, forms the heart
of Panjim. Presiding over its east side is the town's most distinctive
and photogenic landmark, the toothpaste white baroque façade of the
Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. Flanked by rows of
slender palm trees, at the head of a criss-crossing laterite walkway,
the church was built in 1541 for the benefit of sailors arriving here
from Lisbon. The weary mariners would stagger up from the quay to give
thanks for their safe passage before proceeding to the capital at Old
Goa - the original home of the enormous bell that hangs from its
central gable.
Fontainhas
Panjim's oldest and most interesting district, Fontainhas, lies
immediately west of Pato, overlooking the banks of the oily green Ourem
Creek. From the footbridge between the bus stand and town centre, a
dozen or so blocks of neoclassical houses rise in a tangle o terracotta
rooftops up the sides of Altinho Hill. At siesta time, Vespas stand
idle on deserted street corners, while women in western clothes
exchange pleasantries with their neighbours from open windows and leafy
verandahs. Many building have retained their traditional coat of ochre,
pale, yellow, green or blue- a legacy of the Portuguese insistence that
every Goan building should be colour washed after monsoons.
Sao Tome
Sao tome ward is the other old quarter, lying north of Fontainhas on
the far side of Emilio Gracia Road. This is the area to head for if one
fancy a bar crawl: the narrow streets are dotted with dozens of
hole-in-the -wall taverns, serving cheap, stiff measures of rocket fuel
'Feni' under strip lights and the watchful gaze of colourful Madonnas.
The Chapel Of St. Sebastian
At the southern end of the neighbourhood, the pristine whitewashed
Chapel of St. Sebastian is one of many Goan churches to remain faithful
to the old colonial decree. It stands at the end of a small square
where Fontainhas' Portuguese speaking locals hold a lively annual
street fiesta to celebrate their patron Saint's day in mid-November.
The eerily lifelike crucifix inside the chapel, brought here in 1812,
formerly hung in the palace of the inquisition in Old Goa. Unusually,
Christ's eyes are open - allegedly to inspire fear in those being
interrogated by the inquisitors.
The Secretariat: Panjim
The road that runs north from the church brings you out at the
riverside near Panjim's oldest surviving building. With its sloping
tiled roofs, carved stone coats of arms and wooden verandahs, the
stalwart secretariat looks typically colonial. Yet it was originally
The Summer Palace of Goa's 16th century Muslim ruler, the 'Adil Shah.
Later, the Portuguese converted it into a temporary rest house for the
territory's Governors and then a residence for the Viceroy. Today, it
accommodates the Goan State Legislature. Hundred metres east from the
building is situated a peculiar statue of a man holding his hands over
the body of an entranced reclining woman shows Abbe Farin, a Goan
priest who emigrated to France to become one of the world's first
professional hypnotists.
The Town: Panjim
Until a decade ago, most visitors' first glimpse of Panjim was from the
decks of the Old Bombay steamer as it chugged into dock at the now
defunct ferry ramp. These days, however, despite the recent
inauguration of the Konkan railway, and Damania's catamaran service
from Mumbai, the town is most usually approached by road - from the
north via the huge Ferro-concrete bridge that spans the Mandovi
estuary, or from the south on the recently revamped NH-7, which links
the capital with the airport and railhead at Vasco da Gama.
Either way, one will have to pass through the suburb of Pato, home of the main Kadamba Bus Terminal, before crossing Ourem Creek to arrive in proper Panjim. West of Fontainhas, the picturesque Portuguese quarter, the commercial centre's grid of long straight streets fans out west from Panjim's principal landmark, Church Square. Further north, the main thoroughfare, Avenida Dom Joao Castro, sweeps past the Head Post Office and Secretariat Building, before bending west along the waterfront.
How To Get There - Panjim
Local Transport
The most convenient way of getting around Panjim is by auto rickshaw;
flag one down at the roadside or head for one of the ranks around the
city. The only city buses likely to be of use to visitors run to Dona
Paula from the main bus stand via several stops along the esplanade,
and Miramar beachfront. If you feel up to taking on Panjim's anarchic
traffic, bicycles can be rented from a stall up the lane opposite the
head post office.
By Air
European Charter planes and domestic flights from Mumbai, Bangalore,
Kochi (Cochin), Delhi, Chennai and Thiruvananthapuram arrive at Goa's
Dabolim airport, 29-km south of Panjim on the outskirts of Vasco Da
Gama, Goa's second city. Pre-paid taxis into town booked at the counter
in the forecourt, can be shared by up to four people.
By Rail
Panjim is also connected by rail from Bombay, Bangalore, Hyderabad and
New Delhi. The nearest railway station is Vasco-da-Gama, which is
situated 30-km away from the capital city.
By Road
Long-distance and local buses pull into Panjim at the town's busy
Kadamba Bus Terminal, 1-km east of the centre in the district of Pato.
Places To Stay - Panjim
The town centre has plenty of accommodation, and finding a place to stay is only a problem during Dussehra the festival of St. Francis in early December, and during peak season, when tariffs double. One can get a nice place to stay at off-season times, when hotels offer substantial discounts. The best inexpensive options are in Fountainhas, down by Ourem Creek, brings one to several budget hotels as well as in the back streets behind the walkway. Standards over here are generally good, and even the most inexpensive rooms should have a window a modern west end of town.
Maps
Travel Map
General Information - Panjim
Location
Goa.
Useful Information - Panjim
The police Headquarters is situated on Malaca Road, central Panjim.
Post Office: Panjim's reliable Poste Restante Counter is in the Head Post Office, 200m west of Pato Bridge.
Banks / Money Changers
The most efficient place to change money in Panjim is Thomas Cook, near
the Indian Airlines office, at 8 Alcon Chambers, Devanand Bandodkar
Road. For Visa withdrawls, one has to go to the bank of Baroda on Azad
Maidan, or the Andhra Bank, opposite the Ashok Samrat Cinema. The
Corporation Bank on Church Square, around the corner from the GTDC
Tourist Office, also has a foreign exchange section that's much faster.
American Express are at Menezes Air Travel, Rua de Ourem, near Pato
Bridge.
Hospitals
Panjim's largest hospital, the Goa Medical College is situated in the
west of town at the far end of Avda Dom Joao Castro, Another hospital
is Algaonkar Hospital, 12-km south on the Vasco Road.
Panjim's best pharmacy is Hindu Pharma, next to the hotel aroma on Church Square, which stocks Ayurvedic, Homeopathic and Allopathic medicines.
Recreation Centers
Regular recitals of classical Indian music and dance are held at
Panjim's school for the performing arts, the Kala Academy in Campal, at
the far west end of town on Devanand Bandodkar Road. For details of
forthcoming events consult the boards in front of the auditorium or the
listing page of local newspaper.
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